There is a lot of misinformation on the effect of fertilizer use
on the environment. While there are some problems to be solved, it should be
pointed out that balanced fertilization has had a tremendous positive effect on
our environment.
Probably the most important
contribution that fertilizers have made to the environment is in preserving
wildlife habitat. Fertilizer use has allowed farmers to continuously achieve
high yields on the same land for many years, eliminating the need for clearing
new lands.
The
photograph above shows the benefit of using balanced fertilization. On the left
of the field, the properly fertilized sugarcane is growing much faster than the
improperly treated portion on the right. As a result, the crop on the left
covers the soil faster and protects it from direct exposure to the rain,
thereby reducing erosion. It also shades out weeds more effectively, reducing
the need for herbicides.
The crop on the left also leaves more residue after
harvest, increasing the organic matter content of the soil as well as
effectively reducing runoff of water.
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